Thyroid carcinoma is a type of cancer that originates in the thyroid gland, which is located in the front of the neck and produces hormones that regulate metabolism. There are several different types of thyroid carcinoma, with the most common being papillary thyroid carcinoma and follicular thyroid carcinoma. Risk factors for thyroid carcinoma include radiation exposure, family history of thyroid cancer, and certain genetic conditions. Treatment options for thyroid carcinoma typically involve surgery, radiation therapy, and/or hormone therapy. Prognosis for thyroid carcinoma is generally good, especially if it is diagnosed and treated early.